La dimensión laboral de los feminicidios en México (2015-2023)

Abstract

Women's labor conditions in Mexico not only reflect economic inequalities but also reinforce their exposure to extreme forms of violence rooted in patriarchal structures. This study explores the relationship between income, occupation, and educational attainment and femicide, using the Relative Labor Social Status (ESRL) as an analytical tool. Based on a set of panel data models with quarterly information from the National Survey of Occupation and Employment (ENOE), the analysis covers all 32 Mexican states from 2015 to 2023. The results reveal a significant association between women's labor conditions and femicide rates. Specifically, higher income and lower underemployment among highly educated women are associated with lower levels of femicide. However, this trend reverses after the COVID-19 pandemic: increases in income and greater female participation in highly skilled sectors are linked to a rise in femicides. These findings suggest the persistence of structural tensions in response to women's advancement in the labor market.